Part II of the new draft Constitution has been significantly updated and renamed “Fundamental Rights, Freedoms and Duties”. Such a structure will clarify the interrelationship of rights and duties and allow them to be considered as a single legal system. Thus, a comprehensive model is formed in which the rights of a citizen and his responsibility to the state are considered simultaneously.

Clarity on citizenship issues
According to the draft, dual or multiple citizenship is not allowed. Acquiring citizenship of another state is a basis for terminating citizenship of Kazakhstan. This norm enhances legal clarity and clarifies the legal relationship between a citizen and the state.

Guarantee of state responsibility
It is established that everyone has the right to recover from the state the damage caused by the unlawful actions of state bodies or their officials. This provision strengthens the mechanisms for protecting the rights of citizens by clarifying the responsibility of state authorities at the constitutional level.

Constitutional guarantees of fundamental rights
The right to life is defined as an inalienable and inalienable right. It is clearly stated that no one has the right to take human life arbitrarily.

Guarantees of personal freedom and inviolability will be strengthened. The presumption of innocence will be enshrined in the section on fundamental rights and defined as a mandatory constitutional standard for all state bodies.

Privacy and digital security
The norms of inviolability of privacy will be expanded. The protection of personal data, bank secrecy, correspondence and telephone conversations, including digital communications, will be enshrined at the constitutional level. This is aimed at ensuring the legal protection of citizens in an era of rapid digitalization.

Social and civil rights
The inviolability of honor and dignity will be clearly guaranteed. Labor rights will be brought into line with international standards, and the state's duty to create conditions for employment will be clarified.

It establishes that housing is inviolable and can only be deprived of it based on a court decision. This is aimed at increasing the level of social protection of citizens.

Marriage is constitutionally recognized as a voluntary and equal union of a man and a woman, registered by the state in accordance with the law. The secular nature of the education system is clearly defined, and the secular principle of the state is strengthened.

Environmental responsibility and political demands
The duty of citizens to preserve nature and take care of natural resources is enshrined at the constitutional level. This is aimed at establishing environmental responsibility as a public value.

The requirements for the right to vote will also be clarified: persons who have been declared incompetent, have an outstanding criminal record, or have committed corruption offenses cannot be elected. This will contribute to increasing the transparency and credibility of the political system.

Changes aimed at strengthening the rule of law
The updates in Part II not only clarify human rights, but also strengthen the guarantees for their protection and define the duties of every citizen to society. The proposed norms are a systematic step aimed at deepening the principles of the rule of law and ensuring social stability.